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findAll() { return jdbcTemplate.query("SELECT * FROM article", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Article.class)); }} ``` #### 服务后端分层开发和事务服务接口 ```java public interface IArticleService { void saveArticle(Article article); void updateById(Article article); void deleteById(Long id); Article findById(Long id); List

findAll();} ``` 接口实现 ```java @Servicepublic class ArticleServiceImpl implements IArticleService { @Autowired private ArticleJDBCDAO articleJDBCDAO; @Override public void saveArticle(Article article) { articleJDBCDAO.saveArticle(article); } @Override @Transactional public void updateById(Article article) { if (article.getId() == null) { //article.id是必传参数，因为通常根据id去修改数据 //TODO 抛出一个自定义的异常 } // articleJDBCDAO.updateById(article); articleJDBCDAO.deleteById(article.getId()); articleJDBCDAO.saveArticle(article); int i=10/0; } @Override public void deleteById(Long id) { articleJDBCDAO.deleteById(id); } @Override public Article findById(Long id) { return articleJDBCDAO.findById(id); } @Override public List

findAll() { return articleJDBCDAO.findAll(); }} ``` 修改 controller ```java @Slf4j@RestController@RequestMapping("/api/v1")public class ArticleController { @Autowired private IArticleService articleService; //获取一篇Article，使用GET方法,根据id查询一篇文章 @GetMapping("/articles/{id}") public AjaxResponse getArticle(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { Article article = articleService.findById(id); log.info("article:" + article); return AjaxResponse.success(article); } // 查询所有文章 @GetMapping("/articles") public AjaxResponse getArticle() { List

articles = articleService.findAll(); log.info("articles:" + articles); return AjaxResponse.success(articles); } //增加一篇Article ，使用POST方法(RequestBody方式接收参数) @PostMapping("/articles") public AjaxResponse saveArticle(@RequestBody Article article, @RequestHeader(required = false) String aaa) { //因为使用了lombok的Slf4j注解，这里可以直接使用log变量打印日志 articleService.saveArticle(article); log.info("saveArticle:" + article); return AjaxResponse.success(article); } //更新一篇Article，使用PUT方法，以id为主键进行更新 @PutMapping("/articles") public AjaxResponse updateArticle(@RequestBody Article article) { articleService.updateById(article); log.info("updateArticle:" + article); return AjaxResponse.success(); } //删除一篇Article，使用DELETE方法，参数是id @DeleteMapping("/articles/{id}") public AjaxResponse deleteArticle(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { articleService.deleteById(id); log.info("deleteArticle:" + id); return AjaxResponse.success(); }} ``` ### Spring JDBC多数据源 #### 修改数据源 ```yaml spring: jackson: date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss time-zone: GMT+8 datasource: primary: jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password: admin123 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver secondary: jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb2?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password: admin123 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver ``` #### 增加配置类 ```java @Configurationpublic class DataSourceConfig { @Primary @Bean("primaryDataSource") @ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.primary") public DataSource primaryDataSource(){ return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); } @Bean("secondaryDataSource") @ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.secondary") public DataSource secondaryDataSource(){ return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); } @Bean("primaryJdbcTemplate") public JdbcTemplate primaryJdbcTemplate(@Qualifier("primaryDataSource") DataSource primaryDataSource){ return new JdbcTemplate(primaryDataSource); } @Bean("secondaryJdbcTemplate") public JdbcTemplate secondaryDataSource(@Qualifier("secondaryDataSource") DataSource secondaryDataSource){ return new JdbcTemplate(secondaryDataSource); }} ``` #### 修改测试类 ```java @Repositorypublic class ArticleJDBCDAO { @Autowired private JdbcTemplate primaryJdbcTemplate; // 新增一篇文章 public void saveArticle(Article article, JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) { if (jdbcTemplate == null) { jdbcTemplate = primaryJdbcTemplate; } jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO article(author,title,content,create_time) VALUES (?,?,?,?)", article.getAuthor(), article.getTitle(), article.getContent(), article.getCreateTime()); } // 删除一篇文章 public void deleteById(Long id,JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) { if (jdbcTemplate == null) { jdbcTemplate = primaryJdbcTemplate; } jdbcTemplate.update("DELETE FROM article WHERE id=?", id); } // 修改一篇文章 public void updateById(Article article,JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) { if (jdbcTemplate == null) { jdbcTemplate = primaryJdbcTemplate; } jdbcTemplate.update("UPDATE article SET author=?,title=?,content=?,create_time=? WHERE id=?", article.getAuthor(), article.getTitle(), article.getContent(), article.getCreateTime(), article.getId()); } // 查询一篇文章 public Article findById(Long id,JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) { if (jdbcTemplate == null) { jdbcTemplate = primaryJdbcTemplate; } return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("SELECT * FROM article WHERE id=?", new Object[]{id}, new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Article.class)); } // 查询所有文章 public List

findAll(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) { if (jdbcTemplate == null) { jdbcTemplate = primaryJdbcTemplate; } return jdbcTemplate.query("SELECT * FROM article", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Article.class)); }} ``` 修改 service ```java @Autowiredprivate JdbcTemplate secondaryJdbcTemplate;@Overridepublic void saveArticle(Article article) { articleJDBCDAO.saveArticle(article, null); articleJDBCDAO.saveArticle(article,secondaryJdbcTemplate); } ``` ### 分布式事务 - XA规范-两阶段提交 - JTA规范 - Atomikos #### 新增依赖 ```xml org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-jta-atomikos ``` #### 修改数据源配置 ```yml primarydb: uniqueResourceName: primary xaDataSourceClassName: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.MysqlXADataSource xaProperties: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai user: root password: admin123 exclusiveConnectionMode: true minPoolSize: 3 maxPoolSize: 10 testQuery: SELECT 1 FROM dualsecondarydb: uniqueResourceName: secondary xaDataSourceClassName: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.MysqlXADataSource xaProperties: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb2?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai user: root password: admin123 exclusiveConnectionMode: true minPoolSize: 3 maxPoolSize: 10 testQuery: SELECT 1 FROM dual ``` #### 修改配置类 ```java @Configurationpublic class DataSourceConfig { @Primary @Bean(name = "primarydb",initMethod = "init",destroyMethod = "close") @ConfigurationProperties("primarydb") public DataSource primaryDataSource() { return new AtomikosDataSourceBean(); } @Bean(name = "secondarydb",initMethod = "init",destroyMethod = "close") @ConfigurationProperties("secondarydb") public DataSource secondaryDataSource() { return new AtomikosDataSourceBean(); } @Bean("primaryJdbcTemplate") public JdbcTemplate primaryJdbcTemplate(@Qualifier("primarydb") DataSource primaryDataSource) { return new JdbcTemplate(primaryDataSource); } @Bean("secondaryJdbcTemplate") public JdbcTemplate secondaryDataSource(@Qualifier("secondarydb") DataSource secondaryDataSource) { return new JdbcTemplate(secondaryDataSource); }} ``` #### 新增事务管理器 ```java @Configurationpublic class TransactionManagerConfig { @Bean public UserTransaction userTransaction() throws SystemException { UserTransaction userTransaction = new UserTransactionImp(); userTransaction.setTransactionTimeout(10000); return userTransaction; } @Bean(name = "atomikostransactionManager", initMethod = "init", destroyMethod = "close") public TransactionManager atomikostransactionManager() throws Throwable { UserTransactionManager userTransactionManager = new UserTransactionManager(); userTransactionManager.setForceShutdown(false); return userTransactionManager; } @Bean @DependsOn({"userTransaction", "atomikostransactionManager"}) public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() throws Throwable { UserTransaction userTransaction = userTransaction(); JtaTransactionManager manager = new JtaTransactionManager(userTransaction, atomikostransactionManager()); return manager; }} ``` #### 测试事务 ```java @Override @Transactional public void saveArticle(Article article) { articleJDBCDAO.saveArticle(article, null); articleJDBCDAO.saveArticle(article, secondaryJdbcTemplate); int i = 1 / 0; } ``` `atomikos`: 优点: 支持分布式事务缺点: 性能开销大，不适合高并发场景 ## Bean 赋值转换 - `PO`: 持久对象，类定义成员变量和数据库字段一致 - `BO`: 通常是多个PO的组合体 - `VO`: 与前端展示的数据结构对应 ### BeanUtils 性能比 Dozer 好，不支持不同类型数据转换 ```java ArticleVo articleVo = new ArticleVo();BeanUtils.copyProperties(article,articleVo); ``` ### Dozer ```java Mapper mapper = DozerBeanMapperBuilder.buildDefault();ArticleVo articleVo = mapper.map(article,ArticleVo.class); ``` 工具类 ```java @Componentpublic class GeneralConvertor { @Resource Mapper mapper; /** * List 实体类转换器 * * @param source 原数据 * @param clz 转换类型 * @param * @param * @return */ public List convertor(List source, Class clz) { if (source == null) { return null; } List map = new ArrayList<>(); for (S s : source) { map.add(mapper.map(s, clz)); } return map; } /** * Set 实体类深度转换器 * * @param source 原数据 * @param clz 目标对象 * @param * @param * @return */ public Set convertor(Set source, Class clz) { if (source == null) { return null; } Set set = new TreeSet<>(); for (S s : source) { set.add(mapper.map(s, clz)); } return set; } /** * 实体类深度转换器 * * @param source * @param clz * @param * @param * @return */ public T convertor(S source, Class clz) { if (source == null) { return null; } return mapper.map(source, clz); } public void convertor(Object source, Object object) { mapper.map(source, object); } public void copyConvertor(T source, Object object) { mapper.map(source, object); }} ``` ## Spring Data Jpa ### 环境搭建 #### 新增依赖 ```xml org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-data-jpa mysql mysql-connector-java com.github.dozermapper dozer-spring-boot-starter 6.2.0 ``` #### 新增配置 ```yml spring: jackson: date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss time-zone: GMT+8 datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password: admin123 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jpa: # 使用 innodb 数据库支持事务 database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.MySql5InnoDBDialect hibernate: # create 每次都会删除上一次的表，根据定义的 model 重新创建 # create-drop 每次 session 关闭删除表，创建 session 创建表 # update 数据库没有创建，数据库存在，更新表结构,不会删除以前的数据 # validate 每次加载时候，验证数据库结构和定义的model是否一致，不一致报错，比较安全 ddl-auto: validate database: mysql show-sql: true ``` #### PO创建 ```java @Data@Builder@NoArgsConstructor@AllArgsConstructor@Entity@Table(name = "article")public class Article { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Long id; @Column(nullable = false,length = 32) private String author; @Column(nullable = false,length = 32,unique = true) private String title; @Column(length = 512) private String content; private Date createTime;} ``` #### Dao 创建 ```java public interface ArticleRepository extends JpaRepository { // 关键词查询 List
findArticleByAuthorOrderByCreateTimeDesc(String author);} ``` #### 测试 ```java @Override@Transactionalpublic void saveArticle(ArticleVo articleVo) { Mapper mapper = DozerBeanMapperBuilder.buildDefault(); Article article = mapper.map(articleVo,Article.class); article.setCreateTime(new Date()); articleRepository.save(article);} ``` ### 多数据源 - JdbcTemplate 实现 - 分包实现 > 分包实现 #### 修改数据源 ```yml spring: jackson: date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss time-zone: GMT+8 datasource: primary: jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password: admin123 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver secondary: jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb2?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password: admin123 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jpa: # 使用 innodb 数据库支持事务 database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect hibernate: # create 每次都会删除上一次的表，根据定义的 model 重新创建 # create-drop 每次 session 关闭删除表，创建 session 创建表 # update 数据库没有创建，数据库存在，更新表结构,不会删除以前的数据 # validate 每次加载时候，验证数据库结构和定义的model是否一致，不一致报错，比较安全 ddl-auto: create database: mysql show-sql: true ``` #### 新增数据源配置类 JPAPrimaryConfig 只需要修改扫描的包，其他的不动 ```java @Configuration@EnableTransactionManagement@EnableJpaRepositories( entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactoryPrimary", transactionManagerRef = "transactionManagerPrimary", basePackages = "com.yanglf.demo4.dao.test1")public class JPAPrimaryConfig { @Autowired private JpaProperties jpaProperties; @Autowired private HibernateProperties hibernateProperties; @Primary @Bean("primaryDataSource") @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.primary") public DataSource primaryDataSource() { return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); } @Primary @Bean("primaryEntityManager") public EntityManager entityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) { return entityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder).getObject().createEntityManager(); } @Primary @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactoryPrimary") public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryPrimary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) { Map properties = hibernateProperties.determineHibernateProperties( jpaProperties.getProperties(), new HibernateSettings() ); return builder.dataSource(primaryDataSource()) .properties(properties) .packages("com.yanglf.demo4.dao.test1") .persistenceUnit("primaryPersistenceUnit") .build(); } @Primary @Bean(name = "transactionManagerPrimary") public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManagerPrimary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) { return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder).getObject()); }} ``` JPASecondaryConfig ```java @Configuration@EnableTransactionManagement@EnableJpaRepositories( entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactorySecondary", transactionManagerRef = "transactionManagerSecondary", basePackages = "com.yanglf.demo4.dao.test2")public class JPASecondaryConfig { @Autowired private JpaProperties jpaProperties; @Autowired private HibernateProperties hibernateProperties; @Bean("secondaryDataSource") @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.secondary") public DataSource secondaryDataSource() { return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); } @Bean("secondaryEntityManager") public EntityManager entityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) { return entityManagerFactorySecondary(builder).getObject().createEntityManager(); } @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactorySecondary") public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactorySecondary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) { Map properties = hibernateProperties.determineHibernateProperties( jpaProperties.getProperties(), new HibernateSettings() ); return builder.dataSource(secondaryDataSource()) .properties(properties) .packages("com.yanglf.demo4.dao.test2") .persistenceUnit("primaryPersistenceUnit") .build(); } @Bean(name = "transactionManagerSecondary") public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManagerSecondary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) { return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactorySecondary(builder).getObject()); }} ``` #### 创建分包实体类和DAO com.yanglf.demo4.dao.test1 ```java @Data@Builder@NoArgsConstructor@AllArgsConstructor@Entity@Table(name = "article")public class Article { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) private Long id; @Column(nullable = false,length = 32) private String author; @Column(nullable = false,length = 32,unique = true) private String title; @Column(length = 512) private String content; private Date createTime;}public interface ArticleRepository extends JpaRepository { /** * @param author * @return */ List
findArticleByAuthorOrderByCreateTimeDesc(String author);} ``` com.yanglf.demo4.dao.test2 ```java @Data@Builder@NoArgsConstructor@AllArgsConstructor@Entity@Table(name = "message")public class Message { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) private Long id; @Column(nullable = false,length = 32,unique = true) private String title; @Column(length = 512) private String content; private Date createTime;}public interface MessageRepository extends JpaRepository { /** * @param title * @return */ List findMessageByTitleOrderByCreateTimeDesc(String title);} ``` #### 测试 ```java @Autowired private ArticleRepository articleRepository; @Autowired private MessageRepository messageRepository;@Override @Transactional public void saveArticle(ArticleVo articleVo) { Article article = generalConvertor.convertor(articleVo, Article.class); article.setCreateTime(new Date()); articleRepository.save(article); Message message=new Message(); message.setTitle("保存文章成功"); message.setContent("保存:【"+articleVo.getAuthor()+"】的文章:{"+articleVo.getTitle()+"}"); message.setCreateTime(new Date()); messageRepository.save(message); } ``` ### Atomikos 分布式事务 #### 新增依赖 ```xml org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-jta-atomikos ``` #### 新增配置 ```yaml spring: jackson: date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss time-zone: GMT+8 datasource: primary: # 使用 url 而不是 jdbc-url url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password: admin123 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver secondary: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb2?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password: admin123 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jpa: # 使用 innodb 数据库支持事务 database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect hibernate: # create 每次都会删除上一次的表，根据定义的 model 重新创建 # create-drop 每次 session 关闭删除表，创建 session 创建表 # update 数据库没有创建，数据库存在，更新表结构,不会删除以前的数据 # validate 每次加载时候，验证数据库结构和定义的model是否一致，不一致报错，比较安全 ddl-auto: create database: mysql show-sql: true jta: atomikos: datasource: max-pool-size: 20 borrow-connection-timeout: 60 connectionfactory: borrow-connection-timeout: 60 max-pool-size: 20 ``` #### 事务管理器 ```java public class AtomikosJtaPlatform extends AbstractJtaPlatform { static TransactionManager transactionManager; static UserTransaction userTransaction; @Override protected TransactionManager locateTransactionManager() { return transactionManager; } @Override protected UserTransaction locateUserTransaction() { return userTransaction; }} ``` #### 配置数据源删除多数据源配置数据源: `primary` ```java @Configuration@EnableTransactionManagement@EnableJpaRepositories( entityManagerFactoryRef = "primaryEntityManager", transactionManagerRef = "transactionManager", basePackages = "com.yanglf.demo4.dao.test1")public class JPAPrimaryConfig { @Autowired private JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter; @Primary @Bean("primaryDataSourceProperties") @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.primary") public DataSourceProperties primaryDataSourceProperties() { return new DataSourceProperties(); } @Primary @Bean(value = "primaryDataSource", initMethod = "init", destroyMethod = "close") public DataSource primaryDataSource() throws SQLException { MysqlXADataSource mysqlXADataSource = new MysqlXADataSource(); mysqlXADataSource.setURL(primaryDataSourceProperties().getUrl()); mysqlXADataSource.setPinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection(true); mysqlXADataSource.setPassword(primaryDataSourceProperties().getPassword()); mysqlXADataSource.setUser(primaryDataSourceProperties().getUsername()); AtomikosDataSourceBean xaDataSourceBean = new AtomikosDataSourceBean(); xaDataSourceBean.setXaDataSource(mysqlXADataSource); xaDataSourceBean.setUniqueResourceName("primary"); xaDataSourceBean.setBorrowConnectionTimeout(60); xaDataSourceBean.setMaxPoolSize(20); return xaDataSourceBean; } @Primary @Bean(name = "primaryEntityManager") @DependsOn("transactionManager") public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean primaryEntityManager() throws Throwable { Map properties = new HashMap(); properties.put("hibernate.transaction.jta.platform", AtomikosJtaPlatform.class.getName()); properties.put("javax.persistence.transactionType", "JTA"); LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManager = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean(); entityManager.setJtaDataSource(primaryDataSource()); entityManager.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter); entityManager.setPackagesToScan("com.yanglf.demo4.dao.test1"); entityManager.setPersistenceUnitName("primaryPersistenceUnit"); entityManager.setJpaPropertyMap(properties); return entityManager; }} ``` 数据源: `secondary` ```java @Configuration@EnableTransactionManagement@EnableJpaRepositories( entityManagerFactoryRef = "secondaryEntityManager", transactionManagerRef = "transactionManager", basePackages = "com.yanglf.demo4.dao.test2")public class JPASecondaryConfig { @Autowired private JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter; @Bean("secondaryDataSourceProperties") @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.secondary") public DataSourceProperties secondaryDataSourceProperties() { return new DataSourceProperties(); } @Bean(value = "secondaryDataSource", initMethod = "init", destroyMethod = "close") public DataSource secondaryDataSource() throws SQLException { MysqlXADataSource mysqlXADataSource = new MysqlXADataSource(); mysqlXADataSource.setURL(secondaryDataSourceProperties().getUrl()); mysqlXADataSource.setPinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection(true); mysqlXADataSource.setPassword(secondaryDataSourceProperties().getPassword()); mysqlXADataSource.setUser(secondaryDataSourceProperties().getUsername()); AtomikosDataSourceBean xaDataSourceBean = new AtomikosDataSourceBean(); xaDataSourceBean.setXaDataSource(mysqlXADataSource); xaDataSourceBean.setUniqueResourceName("secondary"); xaDataSourceBean.setBorrowConnectionTimeout(60); xaDataSourceBean.setMaxPoolSize(20); return xaDataSourceBean; } @Bean(name = "secondaryEntityManager") @DependsOn("transactionManager") public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean secondaryEntityManager() throws Throwable { Map properties = new HashMap(); properties.put("hibernate.transaction.jta.platform", AtomikosJtaPlatform.class.getName()); properties.put("javax.persistence.transactionType", "JTA"); LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManager = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean(); entityManager.setJtaDataSource(secondaryDataSource()); entityManager.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter); entityManager.setPackagesToScan("com.yanglf.demo4.dao.test2"); entityManager.setPersistenceUnitName("secondaryPersistenceUnit"); entityManager.setJpaPropertyMap(properties); return entityManager; }} ``` #### 测试 ```java @Autowired private ArticleRepository articleRepository; @Autowired private MessageRepository messageRepository; @Override @Transactional public void saveArticle(ArticleVo articleVo) { Article article = generalConvertor.convertor(articleVo, Article.class); article.setCreateTime(new Date()); articleRepository.save(article); Message message = new Message(); message.setTitle("保存文章成功"); message.setContent("保存:【" + articleVo.getAuthor() + "】的文章:{" + articleVo.getTitle() + "}"); message.setCreateTime(new Date()); int i = 1 / 0; messageRepository.save(message); } ``` ## MyBatis ### MyBatis Generator - MyBatis Generator - MyBatis Plus #### 新增依赖 ```xml org.mybatis.spring.boot mybatis-spring-boot-starter 2.1.3 mysql mysql-connector-java ``` #### 数据库配置 ```yml spring: jackson: date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss time-zone: GMT+8 datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password: admin123 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Drivermybatis: mapper-locations: classpath:generate/*.xmllogging: level: com.yanglf.demo5: debug ``` #### 启动类加入扫描包 ```java @SpringBootApplication@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.yanglf.demo5.generate")public class Demo5Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Demo5Application.class, args); }} ``` #### 代码自动生成 - XML配置文件实现 `MyBatis Generator` 代码生成配置 - 编写实现 `MyBatis Generator` 代码生成配置 - 通过IDEA插件实现 `MyBatis Generator` 代码生成配置 `better-mybatis-generator` 插件，勾选 example 生成条件查询 ### MyBatis Plus #### 添加依赖 ```xml com.baomidou mybatis-plus-boot-starter 3.3.2 mysql mysql-connector-java ``` #### 数据库配置 mybatis plus 完全兼容 mybatis ，所以配置文件基本相同 ```yml spring: jackson: date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss time-zone: GMT+8 datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password: admin123 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Drivermybatis-plus: mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xmllogging: level: com.yanglf.demo6: debug ``` #### 启动类添加扫描包 ```java @SpringBootApplication@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.yanglf.demo6.mapper")public class Demo6Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Demo6Application.class, args); }} ``` #### 定义实体类继承 `Model` 可以直接 CURD 操作数据库 ```java @Datapublic class Article extends Model
{ private Long id; private String author; private String title; private String content; private Date createTime;} ``` #### 接口服务和实现 ```java public interface ArticleMapper extends BaseMapper
{ } ``` 接口实现 ```java @Servicepublic class ArticleServiceImpl implements IArticleService { @Autowired private ArticleMapper articleMapper; @Override @Transactional public void saveArticle(Article article) { articleMapper.insert(article); } @Override @Transactional public void updateById(Article article) { if (article.getId() == null) { //article.id是必传参数，因为通常根据id去修改数据 //TODO 抛出一个自定义的异常 } articleMapper.updateById(article); } @Override public void deleteById(Long id) { articleMapper.deleteById(id); } @Override public Article findById(Long id) { return articleMapper.selectById(id); } @Override public List
findAll() { return articleMapper.selectList(null); }} ``` ### 最佳实践 - 使用 mybatis generator 或者 mybatis plus `默认方法` - 使用 xml 方式实现 `动态sql` ```xml ``` - 使用注解方式实现 `只适用简单sql` ```java @Select("select * from article where title like CONCAT('%',#{title},'%')") @Results({ @Result(property = "author", column = "author"), @Result(property = "content", column = "content") }) List
selectByLikeTitle(String title); ``` - 驼峰映射 ```yml mybatis: configuration: map-underscore-to-camel-case: true ``` - 使用 `@MapperScan` 注解 ### 多数据源支持 - 分包依赖注入数据源 `不适用 mybatis plus` #### 修改数据源 ```yml spring: jackson: date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss time-zone: GMT+8 datasource: primary: jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password: admin123 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver secondary: jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb2?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password: admin123 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Drivermybatis: mapper-locations: classpath:generate/*.xmllogging: level: com.yanglf.demo5: debug ``` #### 新增配置类 com.yanglf.demo7.test1 ```java @Configuration@MapperScan( basePackages = "com.yanglf.demo7.test1", sqlSessionTemplateRef = "primarySqlSessionTemplate")public class PrimaryDataSourceConfig { @Bean(name = "primaryDataSource") @ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.primary") @Primary public DataSource primaryDataSource() { return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); } @Bean(name = "primarySqlSessionFactory") @Primary public SqlSessionFactory primarySqlSessionFactory( @Qualifier("primaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); sessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource); sessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver() .getResources("classpath:test1/*Mapper.xml")); return sessionFactoryBean.getObject(); } @Bean(name = "primaryTransactionManager") @Primary public DataSourceTransactionManager primaryTransactionManager( @Qualifier("primaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) { return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource); } @Bean(name = "primarySqlSessionTemplate") @Primary public SqlSessionTemplate primarySqlSessionTemplate( @Qualifier("primarySqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) throws Exception { return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory); }} ``` com.yanglf.demo7.test2 ```java @Configuration@MapperScan( basePackages = "com.yanglf.demo7.test2", sqlSessionTemplateRef = "secondarySqlSessionTemplate")public class SecondaryDataSourceConfig { @Bean(name = "secondaryDataSource") @ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.secondary") public DataSource secondaryDataSource() { return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); } @Bean(name = "secondarySqlSessionFactory") public SqlSessionFactory secondarySqlSessionFactory( @Qualifier("secondaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); sessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource); sessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver() .getResources("classpath:test2/*Mapper.xml")); return sessionFactoryBean.getObject(); } @Bean(name = "secondaryTransactionManager") public DataSourceTransactionManager secondaryTransactionManager( @Qualifier("secondaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) { return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource); } @Bean(name = "secondarySqlSessionTemplate") public SqlSessionTemplate secondarySqlSessionTemplate( @Qualifier("secondarySqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) throws Exception { return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory); }} ``` #### 分包创建 Dao 和 xml文件 `classpath:test1`和 `classpath:test2` 分别创建xml 文件 ```java com.yanglf.demo7.test1 @Data@Builder@NoArgsConstructor@AllArgsConstructorpublic class Article { private Long id; private String author; private String title; private String content; private Date createTime;}public interface ArticleMapper{ /** * @param article * @return */ int insert(Article article);} ``` ```java com.yanglf.demo7.test2 @Data@Builder@NoArgsConstructor@AllArgsConstructorpublic class Message { private Long id; private String title; private String content; private Date createTime;}public interface MessageMapper { /** * @param message * @return */ int insert(Message message);} ``` #### 测试 ```java @Autowired private ArticleMapper articleMapper; @Autowired private MessageMapper messageMapper; @Override @Transactional public void saveArticle(Article article) { articleMapper.insert(article); Message message = new Message(); message.setTitle("保存文章成功"); message.setContent("保存:【" + article.getAuthor() + "】的文章:{" + article.getTitle() + "}"); message.setCreateTime(new Date()); messageMapper.insert(message); }} ``` ### Atomikos 分布式事务 #### 新增依赖 ```xml org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-jta-atomikos ``` #### 修改数据源配置 ```yml primarydb: uniqueResourceName: primary xaDataSourceClassName: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.MysqlXADataSource xaProperties: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai user: root password: admin123 exclusiveConnectionMode: true minPoolSize: 3 maxPoolSize: 10 testQuery: SELECT 1 FROM dualsecondarydb: uniqueResourceName: secondary xaDataSourceClassName: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.MysqlXADataSource xaProperties: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb2?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai user: root password: admin123 exclusiveConnectionMode: true minPoolSize: 3 maxPoolSize: 10 testQuery: SELECT 1 FROM dual ``` #### 新增事务管理器 ```java @Configuration@EnableTransactionManagementpublic class XATransactionManagerConfig { @Bean("userTransaction") public UserTransaction userTransaction() throws Throwable { UserTransactionImp userTransactionImp = new UserTransactionImp(); userTransactionImp.setTransactionTimeout(10000); return userTransactionImp; } @Bean(value = "atomikosTransactionManager", initMethod = "init", destroyMethod = "close") public TransactionManager atomikosTransactionManager() throws Throwable { UserTransactionManager userTransactionManager = new UserTransactionManager(); userTransactionManager.setForceShutdown(false); return userTransactionManager; } @Bean(value = "transactionManager") @DependsOn({"userTransaction","atomikosTransactionManager"}) public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() throws Throwable { return new JtaTransactionManager(userTransaction(), atomikosTransactionManager()); }} ``` #### 修改数据源配置类 primaryDataSource ```java @Configuration@MapperScan( basePackages = "com.yanglf.demo8.test1", sqlSessionTemplateRef = "primarySqlSessionTemplate")public class PrimaryDataSourceConfig { @Bean(name = "primaryDataSource") @ConfigurationProperties("primarydb") @Primary public DataSource primaryDataSource() { return new AtomikosDataSourceBean(); } @Bean(name = "primarySqlSessionFactory") @Primary public SqlSessionFactory primarySqlSessionFactory( @Qualifier("primaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); sessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource); sessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver() .getResources("classpath:test1/*Mapper.xml")); return sessionFactoryBean.getObject(); } @Bean(name = "primarySqlSessionTemplate") @Primary public SqlSessionTemplate primarySqlSessionTemplate( @Qualifier("primarySqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) throws Exception { return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory); }} ``` secondaryDataSource ```java @Configuration@MapperScan( basePackages = "com.yanglf.demo8.test2", sqlSessionTemplateRef = "secondarySqlSessionTemplate")public class SecondaryDataSourceConfig { @Bean(name = "secondaryDataSource") @ConfigurationProperties("secondarydb") public DataSource secondaryDataSource() { return new AtomikosDataSourceBean(); } @Bean(name = "secondarySqlSessionFactory") public SqlSessionFactory secondarySqlSessionFactory( @Qualifier("secondaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); sessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource); sessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver() .getResources("classpath:test2/*Mapper.xml")); return sessionFactoryBean.getObject(); } @Bean(name = "secondarySqlSessionTemplate") public SqlSessionTemplate secondarySqlSessionTemplate( @Qualifier("secondarySqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) throws Exception { return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory); }} ``` #### 测试 ```java @Autowired private ArticleMapper articleMapper; @Autowired private MessageMapper messageMapper; @Override @Transactional public void saveArticle(Article article) { articleMapper.insert(article); Message message = new Message(); message.setTitle("保存文章成功"); message.setContent("保存:【" + article.getAuthor() + "】的文章:{" + article.getTitle() + "}"); message.setCreateTime(new Date()); int i = 1 / 0; messageMapper.insert(message); } ``` ## Spring事务与分布式事务 ### ACID - 原子性(Atomicity) - 一致性(Consistency) - 隔离性(Isolation) - 持久性(Durability) ### 数据库事务隔离界别 | 隔离级别 | 出现更新丢失问题 | 出现脏读问题 | 出现虚读问题 | 出现幻读问题 | 实现方式 | | -------- | ---------------- | ------------ | ------------ | ------------ | ---------------------- | | 读未提交 | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | 排他写锁 | | 读提交 | No | No | Yes | Yes | 瞬间共享读锁和排他写锁 | | 重复读 | No | No | No | Yes | 共享读锁和排他写锁 | | 序列化 | No | No | No | No | | ### 事务传递行为 | 事务传递行为类型 | 说明 | | ------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | | Propagation.REQUIRED | 如果当前没有事务，就新建一个事务，如果已经存在一个事务，加入到这个事务中。这是最常见的选项。 | | Propagation.SUPPORTS | 支持当前事务，如果当前没有事务，就以非事务方式执行。 | | Propagation.MANDATORY | 使用当前事务，如果当前没有事务，就抛出异常。 | | Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW | 新建事务，如果当前存在事务，把当前事务挂起。 | | Propagation.NOT_SUPPORTED | 以非事务方式执行，如果当前存在事务，就把当前事务挂起。 | | Propagation.NEVER | 以非事务方式执行，如果当前存在事务，则抛出异常。 | | Propagation.NESTED | 如果当前存在事务，则在嵌套事务内执行。如果当前没有事务，则执行与 Popagation.REQUIRED 类似的操作。 | `@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)` ### 跨库分布式事务和跨服务分布式事务 ## 一行代码实现 RESTfull接口 Spring Data REST 基于Spring Data - Spring Data JPA - Spring Data MongoDB - Spring Data Neo4j - Spring Data GemFire - Spring Data Cassandra ### 新增依赖 > 与 swagger2.0 兼容不好，`不要加 swagger 依赖` > > 与OpenApi3(Swagger3) 兼容性好 ```xml org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-data-jpa mysql mysql-connector-java org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-data-rest ``` ### 增加 JPA 配置 ```yml spring: jackson: date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss time-zone: GMT+8 datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bootdb?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password: admin123 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jpa: # 使用 innodb 数据库支持事务 database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect hibernate: # create 每次都会删除上一次的表，根据定义的 model 重新创建 # create-drop 每次 session 关闭删除表，创建 session 创建表 # update 数据库没有创建，数据库存在，更新表结构,不会删除以前的数据 # validate 每次加载时候，验证数据库结构和定义的model是否一致，不一致报错，比较安全 ddl-auto: create database: mysql show-sql: true # 配置rest请求方式的基路径# spring.data.rest.base-path=/api ``` ### DAO 映射成接口 ````java @RepositoryRestResource(path = "articles")public interface ArticleRepository extends JpaRepository { @RestResource(path = "findByAuthor",rel = "nameStartsWith") Article findByAuthor(@Param(value = "author") String author);} ```` 访问: http://localhost:8080/articles 查询数据所有接口以 restfull 风格访问，没有的接口自己开发 ### 整合 OpenApi文档加入依赖 ```xml org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-data-rest org.springdoc springdoc-openapi-ui 1.4.0 ``` 添加分组配置 ```java @Configurationpublic class OpenAPIConfig { @Bean public GroupedOpenApi restApi(){ return GroupedOpenApi.builder() .group("rest-api") .pathsToMatch("/rest/**") .build(); } @Bean public GroupedOpenApi helloApi(){ return GroupedOpenApi.builder() .group("hello-api") .pathsToMatch("/hello/**") .build(); } @Bean public GroupedOpenApi articlesApi(){ return GroupedOpenApi.builder() .group("articles-api") .pathsToMatch("/articles/**") .build(); }} ``` 访问: http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html # 模板引擎 ## warjars与静态资源 WebJars能使Maven的依赖管理支持OSS的JavaScript库/CSS库，比如jQuery、Bootstrap等 WebJars是将Web前端Javascript和CSS等资源打包成Java的Jar包，这样在Java Web开发中我们可以借助Maven这些依赖库的管理，保证这些Web资源版本唯一性。 ### 静态资源目录 - classpath: /static/ - classpath: /public - classpath: /resources - classpath: /META-INF/resources ### 自定义静态资源目录 ```yml spring: resources: static-locations: classpath:/mystatic/ ``` ### 集成到项目 #### 添加依赖 ```xml org.webjars jquery 3.5.1 org.webjars bootstrap 4.5.0 ``` #### 页面引用 classpath: /public 目录下新建 `index.html` ```html 首页
This Is Index Page

成功! bootstrap webjar 完美
``` # 其他组件 ## 监听器 **Servlet Listener**: - `ServletContext Listener`: 监听Servlet 容器的创建和销毁 - `HttpSession Listener`: 监听用户浏览器 session 会话的创建和销毁 - `ServletRequest Listener`: 监听用户请求 **监听域对象内属性的变化**: - HttpSessionAttributeListener - ServletContextAttributeListener - ServletRequestAttributeListener ### 定义监听器 ```java @Slf4j@WebListenerpublic class CustomListener implements ServletContextListener, ServletRequestListener, HttpSessionListener, ServletRequestAttributeListener { @Override public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) { log.info("====================context 创建:{}",sce); } @Override public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) { log.info("====================context 销毁:{}",sce); } @Override public void requestInitialized(ServletRequestEvent sre) { log.info("====================request监听器的创建:{}",sre); } @Override public void requestDestroyed(ServletRequestEvent sre) { log.info("====================request监听器的销毁:{}",sre); } @Override public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) { log.info("====================session 创建:{}",se); } @Override public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se) { log.info("====================session 销毁:{}",se); } @Override public void attributeAdded(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) { log.info("====================attributeAdded:{}",srae); } @Override public void attributeReplaced(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) { log.info("====================attributeReplaced:{}",srae); } @Override public void attributeRemoved(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) { log.info("====================attributeRemoved:{}",srae); }} ``` ### 注册到启动类使用 `@ServletComponentScan` 注册 ```java @SpringBootApplication@ServletComponentScanpublic class Demo12Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Demo12Application.class, args); }} ``` ### 测试 controller ```java @RestControllerpublic class IndexController { @GetMapping("/hello") public String hello(HttpServletRequest request, HttpSession session) { // 操作 attribute request.setAttribute("a", "a"); request.setAttribute("b", "b"); request.getAttribute("a"); request.removeAttribute("a"); // session 操作 session.setAttribute("a", "a"); session.getAttribute("a"); session.removeAttribute("a"); session.invalidate(); return "hello"; }} ``` ## 过滤器 - 在客户端的请求访问后端之前，拦截请求 - 在服务器响应发送回客户端之前，拦截请求 ### 编写过滤器 ```java @Slf4jpublic class CustomFilter implements Filter { @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { log.info("customFilter 初始化------------"); } @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException { log.info("customFilter 请求处理之前------------"); servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse); log.info("customFilter 请求响应之前------------"); servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); } @Override public void destroy() { log.info("customFilter 销毁------------"); }} ``` ### Filter 注册方式 - 利用 WebFilter 注解配置无法设置优先级，默认优先级按类名首字母排序执行 - FilterRegistrationBean 方式可以设置优先级，推荐使用 - XML配置方式，放弃 #### WebFilter 注解 ```java @Slf4j@WebFilter(filterName = "customFilter",urlPatterns = "/*")public class CustomFilter implements Filter { ....}// 启动类也需要加 @ServletComponentScan 注解@SpringBootApplication@ServletComponentScanpublic class Demo12Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Demo12Application.class, args); }} ``` #### FilterRegistrationBean 注册 ```java @Configurationpublic class FilterRegistration { @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean1() { FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); registrationBean.setFilter(new CustomFilter1()); registrationBean.setName("customFilter1"); registrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/*"); registrationBean.setOrder(10); return registrationBean; } @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean2() { FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); registrationBean.setFilter(new CustomFilter2()); registrationBean.setName("customFilter2"); registrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/*"); registrationBean.setOrder(9); return registrationBean; }} ``` ## 拦截器 ### 拦截器和过滤器主要区别 - 规范不同过滤器: Servlet 中定义的组件，在Servlet 容器中生效拦截器: Spring 框架定义的组件，在Spring的上下文生效 - 作用范围不同过滤器的范围比拦截器范围大 - 使用资源不同拦截器可以获取到Spring ioc 容器中注入的bean,过滤器无法获取，也就是无法实现依赖注入 - 粒度不同过滤器的范围大，在拦截器的外层，适合整个api的过滤，拦截器适合模块过滤 ### 编写拦截器 ```java @Slf4j@Componentpublic class CustomHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { log.info("preHandle: 请求前调用-----"); // 返回 false 请求中断 return true; } @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { log.info("postHandle: 请求后调用-----"); } @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception { log.info("afterCompletion: 请求调用完成后回调方法，即在视图渲染完成后调用-----"); }} ``` ### 注册 ```java @Configurationpublic class MyWebMvcConfigurer implements WebMvcConfigurer { @Autowired private CustomHandlerInterceptor customHandlerInterceptor; @Override public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { // 注册拦截器拦截规则 // 多个拦截器时，按顺序依次添加 registry.addInterceptor(customHandlerInterceptor) .addPathPatterns("/*"); }} ``` ## 自定义事件发布与监听 ### 常用的事件监听实现 - 使用消息队列中间件的发布订阅模式 - Redis的发布订阅模式 `redisson` - JDK自带的 `java.util.EventListener` - Spring 环境下的实现事件发布监听 ### 定义事件源 ```java public class MyEvent extends ApplicationEvent { public MyEvent(Object source) { super(source); }} ``` ### spring 4 种实现监听方式 - 写代码向 `ApplicationContext` 中添加监听器 - 使用 `Component` 注解将监听器载入spring容器 (推荐) - 在 `application.properties` 中配置监听器 - 通过 `@EventListener` 注解实现事件监听 (推荐) > 写代码向 `ApplicationContext` 中添加监听器 ```java @Slf4jpublic class MyListener1 implements ApplicationListener { @Override public void onApplicationEvent(MyEvent myEvent) { log.info(String.format("%s监听到事件源:%s",MyListener1.class.getName(),myEvent.getSource())); }}@SpringBootApplication//@ServletComponentScanpublic class Demo12Application { public static void main(String[] args) { ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext = SpringApplication.run(Demo12Application.class, args); applicationContext.addApplicationListener(new MyListener1()); }} ``` >使用 `Component` 注解将监听器载入spring容器 (推荐) ```java @Slf4j@Componentpublic class MyListener2 implements ApplicationListener { @Override public void onApplicationEvent(MyEvent myEvent) { log.info(String.format("%s监听到事件源:%s", MyListener2.class.getName(),myEvent.getSource())); }} ``` > 在 `application.properties` 中配置监听器 ```java @Slf4jpublic class MyListener3 implements ApplicationListener { @Override public void onApplicationEvent(MyEvent myEvent) { log.info(String.format("%s监听到事件源:%s", MyListener3.class.getName(),myEvent.getSource())); }} ``` application.yml ```yaml context: listener: classes: com.yanglf.demo12.event.MyListener3 ``` > 通过 `@EventListener` 注解实现事件监听 (推荐) ```java @Slf4j@Componentpublic class MyListener4 { @EventListener public void listener(MyEvent myEvent) { log.info(String.format("%s监听到事件源:%s", MyListener4.class.getName(),myEvent.getSource())); }} ``` ### 发送消息 ```java @RestControllerpublic class IndexController { @Autowired private ApplicationContext applicationContext; @GetMapping("/msg") public String msg() { applicationContext.publishEvent(new MyEvent("事件发布...")); return "hello"; }} ``` 接受到消息优先级: MyListener3 > MyListener4 > MyListener2 > MyListener1 ## 应用程序启动监听 ### 实现方式 - CommandLineRunner - ApplicationRunner > 1. 实现这两个接口任意一个 > 2. 通过 `@Component` 注解或者 `@Bean` 定义方式实现，结合 `@Order` 设置执行顺序 ### 适用场景 - 将系统常用数据加载到内存 - 应用上一次运行的垃圾数据清理 - 系统启动成功后的通知发送 ### 具体实现 > 通过 `@Component` 注解实现 CommandLineRunner ```java @Slf4j @Component public class CommandLineStartupRunner implements CommandLineRunner { @Override public void run(String... args) throws Exception { // 加载数据库配置信息到本地缓存 log.info("CommandLineStartupRunner 传入的参数:{}", Arrays.toString(args)); } } ``` ApplicationRunner ```java @Slf4j @Component public class AppStartupRunner implements ApplicationRunner { @Override public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception { log.info("AppStartupRunner 参数名:{}",args.getOptionNames()); log.info("AppStartupRunner 参数值:{}",args.getOptionValues("age")); log.info("AppStartupRunner 参数:{}", Arrays.toString(args.getSourceArgs())); } } ``` > 通过`@Bean` 定义方式实现 ```java @Configuration @Slf4j public class BeanRunner { @Bean @Order(1) public CommandLineRunner runner1() { return args -> { log.info("BeanCommandLineRunner runner1:{}", Arrays.toString(args)); }; } @Bean @Order(2) public CommandLineRunner runner2() { return args -> { log.info("BeanCommandLineRunner runner2:{}", Arrays.toString(args)); }; } @Bean @Order(3) public ApplicationRunner runner3() { return args -> { log.info("BeanApplicationRunner runner3:{}", Arrays.toString(args.getSourceArgs())); }; } @Bean @Order(4) public ApplicationRunner runner4() { return args -> { log.info("BeanApplicationRunner runner4:{}", Arrays.toString(args.getSourceArgs())); }; } @Bean @Order(5) public ApplicationRunner runner5() { return args -> { log.info("BeanApplicationRunner runner5:{}", Arrays.toString(args.getSourceArgs())); }; } } ``` ### 测试启动参数 `Program arguments` 中添加 `--name=张三 --age=22` 启动测试 - ApplicationRunner 执行优先级高于CommandLineRunner - 以 @Bean 的形式运行的 Runner 优先级要低于 @Component 注解的方式 - Order 注解只能保证同类型的 Runner 的执行顺序 ## Web Server ### 嵌入容器运行参数 #### 嵌入容器类型 - Tomcat (默认) - Jetty - Undertow #### 调整运行参数方式 - 修改配置文件简单 - 自定义配置类 (专业调优) > server-properties - `server.xx` 开头的是所有servlet容器通用的配置 - `server.tomcat.xx` 开头的是Tomcat容器持有的配置参数 - `server.jetty.xx` 开头的是Jettyr容器持有的配置参数 - `server.undertow.xx` 开头的是Jetty容器持有的配置参数 > 常用基础配置参数 | 参数 | 默认值 | 说明 | | ------------------------------ | ------ | ------------------------------------------------------------ | | server.port | 8080 | 配置web容器端口 | | server.servlet.session.timeout | 30m | session失效时间，如果不写单位，默认是秒 | | server.servlet.context-path | / | url访问路径的基础路径 | | server.tomcat.uri-encoding | UTF-8 | 配置tomcat的请求编码 | | server.tomcat.basedir | | 配置tomcat运行日志和临时文件的目录。若不配置，则默认使用系统的临时目录。 | > Tomcat 调优核心参数 | 参数 | 默认值 | 说明 | | ------------------------------- | ------ | -------------------------------------------------------- | | server.tomcat.max-connections | 8192 | 接收的最大连接数 | | server.tomcat.accept-count | 100 | 当所有线程被占用，将放入请求队列等待的最大的请求连接数量 | | server.tomcat.threas.max | 200 | 最大的工作线程池数量 | | server.tomcat.threads.min-spare | 10 | 最小的工作线程池数量 | > 自定义配置类配置参数 ```java @Configuration public class TomcatCustomizer { @Bean public ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory configurableServletWebServerFactory() { TomcatServletWebServerFactory factory = new TomcatServletWebServerFactory(); factory.addConnectorCustomizers(new MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer()); return factory; } static class MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer implements TomcatConnectorCustomizer { MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer() { } @Override public void customize(Connector connector) { connector.setPort(Integer.parseInt("8888")); connector.setProperty("maxConnections", "8192"); connector.setProperty("acceptorThreadCount", "100"); connector.setProperty("minSpareThreads", "10"); connector.setProperty("maxThreads", "200"); } } } ``` ### 配置 HTTPS #### 生成证书生成自签名证书 keytool - `-genkey` 表示创建一个新的密钥 - `-alias` 表示keytool的别名 - `-keyalg` 表示使用的加密算法是RSA （一个非对称解密算法） - `-keysize` 表示密钥长度 - `-keystore` 表示生成的密钥存放的位置 - `-validity` 表示密钥的有效期 (单位时天) ```sh keytool -genkeypair -alias selfsigned_localhost_sslserver -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -storetype PKCS12 -keystore yanglf-ssl-key.p12 -validity 3650 ``` #### 配置证书将生成的证书复制到项目的 classpath: /cert 目录下 ```yaml server: port: 8080 ssl: key-store: classpath:cert/yanglf-ssl-key.p12 key-store-password: 111111 key-store-type: PKCS12 ``` #### HTTP 重定向 HTTPS ```yaml server: # https 访问端口 port: 8888 # http 访问端口 httpPort: 80 ssl: key-store: classpath:cert/yanglf-ssl-key.p12 key-store-password: 111111 key-store-type: PKCS12 ``` 配置tomcat ```java @Configuration public class TomcatCustomizer { @Value("${server.port}") private Integer httpsPort; @Value("${server.httpPort}") private Integer httpPort; @Bean public ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory configurableServletWebServerFactory() { TomcatServletWebServerFactory factory = new TomcatServletWebServerFactory() { @Override protected void postProcessContext(Context context) { SecurityConstraint constraint = new SecurityConstraint(); // 表示需要认证 constraint.setUserConstraint("CONFIDENTIAl"); SecurityCollection collection = new SecurityCollection(); collection.addPattern("/*"); constraint.addCollection(collection); context.addConstraint(constraint); } }; factory.addAdditionalTomcatConnectors(connector()); return factory; } public Connector connector() { Connector connector = new Connector("org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol"); connector.setScheme("http"); // Connector 监听的 HTTP 端口 connector.setPort(httpPort); connector.setSecure(false); // 监听到 HTTP 的端口号后转到 HTTPS 端口 connector.setRedirectPort(httpsPort); return connector; } } ``` 访问测试: http://localhost/index 会重定向到 https://localhost:8888/index ### 切换内置的Tomcat 容器 #### 修改配置文件 `排除web依赖中的tomcat容器，添加 undertow 或者 jetty 的依赖` ```xml org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-tomcat org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-undertow org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-jetty ``` #### Jetty Server 配置参数 | 参数 | 默认值 | 说明 | | ------------------------------ | ------ | ------------------------------------------------------------ | | server.jetty.threads.acceptors | -1.0 | acceptor的线程数量，当设置成-1，会根据CPU的逻辑核数/8来决定，最大不能超过4 | | server.jetty.threads.selectors | -1.0 | selectors线程数量，当设置为-1 时，根据CPU逻辑核数/2决定,至少1个 | | server.jetty.threads.min | 8 | 工作线程最小线程数 | | server.jetty.threads.max | 200 | 工作线程最大线程数 | #### Undertow 配置参数 ```yaml server: port: 8088 undertow: # 设置IO 线程数，它主要负责非阻塞任务， io-threads: 4 # 工作任务线程，默认为 io-threads 的8倍 worker-threads: 32 ``` ### War 包部署到外置Tomcat > 修改 pom.xml 配置 ```xml war org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-tomcat org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-tomcat provided ``` > 新增配置类 ```java public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder builder) { // Demo14Application 是 spring boot 的启动类 return builder.sources(Demo11Application.class); } } ``` > pom.xml 添加打包配置 ```xml demo11 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin ``` 1. 打包： `mvn clean && mvn package` 2. 将 war 包复制到 tomcat webapps 目录 3. 启动 tomcat，访问测试，如果 war 包名称不是 ROOT，访问的时候需要加上文件名前缀，静态资源会出现404，因为没有前缀 # 异常处理 ## 设计规范 - 自定义异常 - 全局异常 - 异常页面或者统一响应结构数据 > 1. 拦截异常转换为自定义异常抛出，不允许将异常私自截留 > 2. 统一数据响应代码，使用HTTP状态码（400，500），不要自定义 > 3. 自定义异常message属性，以用户友好的语言描述异常信息 > 4. 不允许对父类 Exception 统一 catch，要分小类 catch ## 自定义异常和相关数据结构 - `CustomException` 自定义异常 - `ExceptionTypeEnum` 枚举异常分类，将异常分类固化下来 - `AjaxResponse` 用于响应HTTP接口请求的统一数据结构 ### 异常枚举 ```java public enum CustomExceptionType { USER_INPUT_ERROR(400,"您输入的数据错误或您没有权限访问资源！"), SYSTEM_ERROR(500,"系统出现异常，请您稍后重试或者联系管理员！"), OTHER_ERROR(999,"系统出现未知错误，请您联系管理员！"); // code private int code; // 异常类型中文描述 private String desc; public CustomExceptionType(int code, String desc) { this.code = code; this.desc = desc; } public int getCode() { return code; } public String getDesc() { return desc; } } ``` ### 自定义异常 ```java public class CustomException extends RuntimeException { // 异常编码 private int code; // 异常信息 private String message; public CustomException(CustomExceptionType customExceptionType) { this.code = customExceptionType.getCode(); this.message = customExceptionType.getDesc(); } public CustomException(CustomExceptionType customExceptionType,String message) { this.code = customExceptionType.getCode(); this.message = message; } public int getCode() { return code; } @Override public String getMessage() { return message; } } ``` ### 统一返回数据结构 ```java @Data public class AjaxResponse { private boolean isok; //请求是否处理成功 private int code; //请求响应状态码（200、400、500） private String message; //请求结果描述信息 private Object data; //请求结果数据（通常用于查询操作） private AjaxResponse() { } //请求出现异常时响应的数据封装 public static AjaxResponse error(CustomException e) { AjaxResponse ajaxResponse = new AjaxResponse(); ajaxResponse.setIsok(false); ajaxResponse.setCode(e.getCode()); ajaxResponse.setMessage(e.getMessage()); return ajaxResponse; } //请求出现异常时响应的数据封装 public static AjaxResponse error(CustomExceptionType customExceptionType, String errorMessage) { AjaxResponse ajaxResponse = new AjaxResponse(); ajaxResponse.setIsok(false); ajaxResponse.setCode(customExceptionType.getCode()); ajaxResponse.setMessage(errorMessage); return ajaxResponse; } //请求成功的响应，不带查询数据（用于删除、修改、新增接口） public static AjaxResponse success() { AjaxResponse ajaxResponse = new AjaxResponse(); ajaxResponse.setIsok(true); ajaxResponse.setCode(200); ajaxResponse.setMessage("请求响应成功!"); return ajaxResponse; } //请求成功的响应，带有查询数据（用于数据查询接口） public static AjaxResponse success(Object obj) { AjaxResponse ajaxResponse = new AjaxResponse(); ajaxResponse.setIsok(true); ajaxResponse.setCode(200); ajaxResponse.setMessage("请求响应成功!"); ajaxResponse.setData(obj); return ajaxResponse; } //请求成功的响应，带有查询数据（用于数据查询接口） public static AjaxResponse success(Object obj, String message) { AjaxResponse ajaxResponse = new AjaxResponse(); ajaxResponse.setIsok(true); ajaxResponse.setCode(200); ajaxResponse.setMessage(message); ajaxResponse.setData(obj); return ajaxResponse; } } ``` ### 通用全局异常 > json 异常处理 ```java @RestControllerAdvice public class WebExceptionHandler { @ExceptionHandler(CustomException.class) public AjaxResponse customException(CustomException e) { if (e.getCode() == CustomExceptionType.SYSTEM_ERROR.getCode()) { //TODO 将 500 异常持久化，方便运维人员查看 } return AjaxResponse.error(e); } @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class) public AjaxResponse exception(Exception e) { //TODO 将 500 异常持久化，方便运维人员查看 return AjaxResponse.error(new CustomException( CustomExceptionType.OTHER_ERROR )); } } ``` > 处理 web 异常和 json 异常 ```java @Component @ControllerAdvice public class GlobalResponseAdvice implements ResponseBodyAdvice { @Override public boolean supports(MethodParameter methodParameter, Class aClass) { return true; } @Override public Object beforeBodyWrite(Object body, MethodParameter methodParameter, MediaType mediaType, Class aClass, ServerHttpRequest serverHttpRequest, ServerHttpResponse serverHttpResponse) { if (mediaType.equalsTypeAndSubtype(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)) { if (body instanceof AjaxResponse) { serverHttpResponse.setStatusCode( HttpStatus.valueOf(((AjaxResponse) body).getCode())); return body; } else { serverHttpResponse.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.OK); return AjaxResponse.success(body); } } return body; } } ``` ### 测试 > 测试服务 ```java @Service public class ExceptionService { public void systemBizError() { try { Class.forName("com.mysql.xxx.Driver"); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { throw new CustomException(CustomExceptionType.SYSTEM_ERROR, "在XXX业务，myBiz()方法内,出现CustomException，请联系管理员"); } } public void userBizError(int input) { if (input < 0) { throw new CustomException(CustomExceptionType.USER_INPUT_ERROR, "您输入的数据不符合业务，请确认后重新输入!!"); } } } ``` > 测试 controller ```java @RestController public class IndexController { @Autowired private ExceptionService exceptionService; // 测试异常 @GetMapping("/exception/{type}") public AjaxResponse exception(@PathVariable Integer type) { if (type == 1) { exceptionService.systemBizError(); } else { exceptionService.userBizError(-1); } return AjaxResponse.success(); } // 测试没有封装统一对象的数据，GlobalResponseAdvice 拦截器是否会封装 @GetMapping("/getArticle") public Article test() { Article article = Article.builder() .id(1L) .author("yanglf") .content("1P") .title("Spring Boot 青铜") .createTime(new Date()) .build(); return article; } } ``` ### 数据校验异常处理 > 完善全局异常 ```java @RestControllerAdvice public class WebExceptionHandler { @ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class) //@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK) public AjaxResponse handleBindException(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) { FieldError fieldError = e.getBindingResult().getFieldError(); return AjaxResponse.error(new CustomException(CustomExceptionType.USER_INPUT_ERROR, fieldError.getDefaultMessage())); } @ExceptionHandler(BindException.class) //@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK) public AjaxResponse handleBindException(BindException e) { FieldError fieldError = e.getBindingResult().getFieldError(); return AjaxResponse.error(new CustomException(CustomExceptionType.USER_INPUT_ERROR, fieldError.getDefaultMessage())); } @ExceptionHandler(IllegalArgumentException.class) public AjaxResponse handleIllegalArgumentException(IllegalArgumentException e) { return AjaxResponse.error(new CustomException(CustomExceptionType.USER_INPUT_ERROR, e.getMessage())); } @ExceptionHandler(CustomException.class) public AjaxResponse customException(CustomException e) { if (e.getCode() == CustomExceptionType.SYSTEM_ERROR.getCode()) { //TODO 将 500 异常持久化，方便运维人员查看 } return AjaxResponse.error(e); } @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class) public AjaxResponse exception(Exception e) { //TODO 将 500 异常持久化，方便运维人员查看 return AjaxResponse.error(new CustomException( CustomExceptionType.OTHER_ERROR )); } } ``` > 修改测试服务 ```java @Service public class ExceptionService { public void systemBizError() { try { Class.forName("com.mysql.xxx.Driver"); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { throw new CustomException(CustomExceptionType.SYSTEM_ERROR, "在XXX业务，myBiz()方法内,出现CustomException，请联系管理员"); } } public void userBizError(int input) { if (input < 0) { throw new CustomException(CustomExceptionType.USER_INPUT_ERROR, "您输入的数据不符合业务，请确认后重新输入!!"); } // 触发 IllegalArgumentException Assert.isTrue(input>18,"年龄不满18，请重新输入"); } } ``` ### 页面跳转异常 `不要使用这种写法`: ```java @GetMapping("/freemarker") public String index(Model model) { try { List
articles = articleService.findAll(); model.addAttribute("articles", articles); } catch (Exception e) { return "error"; } return "fremarkertemp"; } ``` **使用这个方式 aop +自定义注解** ```java @ModelView @GetMapping("/freemarker") public String index(Model model) { List
articles = articleService.findAll(); model.addAttribute("articles", articles); return "fremarkertemp"; } ``` > 添加 aop 依赖 ```xml org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-aop org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf ``` > 定义 @ModelView 注解 ```java @Documented @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Target(ElementType.METHOD) public @interface ModelView { } ``` > 新增 aop 类 ```java @Aspect @Component @Slf4j public class ModelViewAspect { @Pointcut("@annotation(com.yanglf.demo14.exception.ModelView)") public void pointcut() { } @AfterThrowing(pointcut = "pointcut()", throwing = "e") public void afterThrowing(Throwable e) { throw ModelViewException.transfer(e); } } ``` > 定义 `ModelViewException` 异常类 ```java public class ModelViewException extends RuntimeException { // Exception 转换为 ModelViewException public static ModelViewException transfer(Throwable cause) { return new ModelViewException(cause); } private ModelViewException(Throwable cause) { super(cause); } } ``` > 修改全局异常 `ModelViewException` 异常处理方法 ```java @ControllerAdvice public class WebExceptionHandler { @ExceptionHandler(ModelViewException.class) public ModelAndView modelViewException(HttpServletRequest request, ModelViewException e) { ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView(); // 将异常信息设置到 modelAndView modelAndView.addObject("exception", e); modelAndView.addObject("url", request.getRequestURI()); modelAndView.setViewName("error"); return modelAndView; } @ResponseBody @ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class) //@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK) public AjaxResponse handleBindException(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) { FieldError fieldError = e.getBindingResult().getFieldError(); return AjaxResponse.error(new CustomException(CustomExceptionType.USER_INPUT_ERROR, fieldError.getDefaultMessage())); } @ResponseBody @ExceptionHandler(BindException.class) //@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK) public AjaxResponse handleBindException(BindException e) { FieldError fieldError = e.getBindingResult().getFieldError(); return AjaxResponse.error(new CustomException(CustomExceptionType.USER_INPUT_ERROR, fieldError.getDefaultMessage())); } @ResponseBody @ExceptionHandler(IllegalArgumentException.class) public AjaxResponse handleIllegalArgumentException(IllegalArgumentException e) { return AjaxResponse.error(new CustomException(CustomExceptionType.USER_INPUT_ERROR, e.getMessage())); } @ResponseBody @ExceptionHandler(CustomException.class) public AjaxResponse customException(CustomException e) { if (e.getCode() == CustomExceptionType.SYSTEM_ERROR.getCode()) { //TODO 将 500 异常持久化，方便运维人员查看 } return AjaxResponse.error(e); } @ResponseBody @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class) public AjaxResponse exception(Exception e) { //TODO 将 500 异常持久化，方便运维人员查看 return AjaxResponse.error(new CustomException( CustomExceptionType.OTHER_ERROR )); } } ``` > 编写 `error.html` ```html Error Page
exception.toString()

exception.message

url

``` > 测试 controller ```java @ModelView @GetMapping("/test") public String test(@RequestParam(required = false) Integer a) { if (a < 0) { throw new CustomException(CustomExceptionType.USER_INPUT_ERROR); } return "test"; } ```